Cause And Effect Of Smoking - 1622 Words

Smoking, a practice of inhaling and exhaling smoke from burning tobacco, is a problem that is notorious for causing the death of more than 7 million people every year, and around 890,000 of those people are non-smokers that were exposed to second-hand smoke (World Health Organization). According to â€Å"Your Health Today: Choices in a Changing Society,† smoking causes cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases because of the content of approximately 600 chemical ingredients, which yield more than 4,800 substances when burnt (Teague 336-338). Not only are the smokers themselves harmed, but also non-smokers that are exposed to smokers’ second-hand smoke, especially women, children, pregnant women, and fetus. For†¦show more content†¦At the same time, tobacco was listed in U.S. Pharmacopoeia, the government’s official list of drug (Gene Borio), but it was removed as the tobacco state legislators were bribed. Not until the d angerous effects of tobacco use become more noticeable did people realize that it was hard to quit consuming the cancerous substance, and the government made many efforts in an attempt to reduce tobacco consumption. In 1906, U.S. Justice Department was against the American Tobacco Company, the second-largest corporation in the United States, by filing charges anti-trust (Gene Borio). Not giving up, cigarette companies tried to get more loyal customers by sending millions of free cigarettes to the troops during World War I, getting more soldiers to smoke and be addicted so when they came home, they will have to buy cigarettes. Despite the increase of more researches that prove the fact tobacco worsens people’s health, cigarette companies still deny it, while promoting â€Å"healthier† choices of tobacco products such as added filter and less toxic ingredients. After Congress passed the Federal Cigarette Labelling and Advertising Act, surgeon general’s health warn ings appear on cigarette packages by 1966 (Gene Borio). Federal Communications Commission also required one anti-tobacco advertisement for every three tobacco advertisements, called TV fairnessShow MoreRelatedCause And Effect Of Smoking1375 Words   |  6 PagesNow we know the most lifesaving way to prevent this is to quit smoking, but did you know people who are exposed to second hand smoking can also get lung cancer, even though a person quit smoking it may have impacted, the cigarette smoke, into someone else’s body. Cigarette smoke is full of cancer-causing material, called carcinogens, this changes the lung tissue right away. Fundamentally, the human body may be able to restore the damage. With each repeated vulnerability, normal cells that line theRead MoreCause And Effect Of Smoking1386 Words   |  6 PagesSmoking via a cigarette is a preventable habit that people develop when they become stressed, feel the need for social acceptance or wanting a satisfaction relea se of hormones. Cigarettes contain nicotine; a highly addictive group of chemicals that when inhaled spread through the body via the lymphatic system. Smoking has both internal and external repercussions including a depletion in oxygen levels and gangrene respectively. Smoking has been directly related to many types of cancers and ailmentsRead MoreSmoking Cause And Effects Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesSmoking is very dangerous, and it has many effects on the health of people. The correlation between smoking and numerous diseases is very high. Throughout the paper, numerous effects are discussed. The change that smoking causes in people’s moods can lead to addiction. Addiction leads to an increased intake of chemicals. The chemicals that are in cigarettes are linked to numerous diseases. The toxic chemicals, such as arsenic and cyanide, are not healthy to ingest. They can potentially lead to atherosclerosisRead More The Causes and Effects of Smoking Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesThe Causes and Effects of Smoking Scientists and health officials have been arguing the detrimental effects smoking has on our health for many years. Smoking can lead to serious complications including asthma, pancreas, lung and stomach cancer due to the large number of carcinogens (cancer causing chemicals) and other various substances added to it. It is a health hazard for both smokers and non-smokers and it is especially harmful to unborn babies. Although smokers claim that it helps them toRead MoreSmoking Causes and Effects Essay989 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking has become a trend in today’s world, even though people know how harmful it is. Smoking causes are obvious it will ruin your health and give you series of health issues. In America 85% teenagers first start smoking from the age of fifteen and sixteen, smoking tobacco is really addicting. Smoking causes heart diseases, blood pressure, series of cancers such as, lung cancer, mouth cancer and throat cancer. I have noticed that many people in my relat ives who smoked all their youth quit smokingRead MoreCause And Effect Essay About Smoking880 Words   |  4 PagesDid you know that smoking has an impact on your health and can affect your whole body? The number one cause of disease and death worldwide is smoking, which claims more than 480,000 American lives each year. Every day more than 3,800 children in the US under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette, not knowing the risks they are taking. Every year, around half a million Americans die at a young age due to smoking or secondhand smoke with another sixteen million living with a serious illnessRead MoreCause and Effect on Smoking Cigarettes Essay884 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking is Unhealthy for Everyone Smoking cigarettes is hazardous to the body for many reasons, and it also affects not only human beings but our environment. Smoking cigarettes can be harmful to both the environment and humans because of the many chemicals and substances that produce this hazardous product. Smoking cigarettes reduces your ability to do things that require endurance, such as sports, and exercise. The tar in the cigarettes covers up alveoli, which help you breathe, which makesRead MoreCauses and Effects of Smoking in Our Life990 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking has become one of the world’s main concerns after the realization of its effect on human health. Tobacco was first introduced by Native Americans. Tobacco was known to be harmless and a stress reliever. Eventually, smoking became popular all over the world and as normal as food. The increase in technology has brought out all the negative aspects and the side effects of smoking. Scientific analysis has proven that smoking is one of the main causes for death in the world. Since smoking hasRead MoreCause And Leading Causes And Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes1059 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking Cigarettes Cigarettes are a lot like hamsters. Both are harmless until you put one in your month and light it on fire. Cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals. 43 of those chemicals are known for causing cancer and 400 other toxins. In the United States, 20.8% of adults’ smoke cigarettes which is 45.3 million people. Smoking cigarettes is the leading cause of preventable disease and death. It is accountable for 1 of every 5 deaths in a year which is more than 480,000 deaths everyRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking On Public Places993 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironmental tobacco smoke has been an issue. Smoking tobacco products is the leading, preventable cause of death in the United States. More than ten times of the deaths from smoking cigarettes have added up to be more deaths than all the wars fought by the United states (Jones, Page 65, 2016). There are more deaths caused each year from tobacco use than all deaths of HIV, illegal drug and alcohol use, car accidents, and murde rs combined (Judd, page 110, 2009). Smoking harms nearly every organ and part of

The Bridge Masculinity - 1206 Words

‘A view from the Bridge’ by Arthur Miller is set in the 1950’s based around Italian Immigration and the American Sicilian culture in America at that time. The Sicilian attitude towards society’s expectations of gender were very traditional which created the patriarchal society they live in, to which they transferred towards their new lives in the US. This meant men were expected to behave in a typical ‘masculine’ manner such as strong, hard-working and robust whereas women would be stay at home wives, taking care of the family and produce more children, however if someone were to act in a way different to their stereotype they would be outcasted or rejected to society. The definition of masculinity is to be in possession of the†¦show more content†¦This gives an insight into his characteristic flaws. A supporting example of Eddie typifying masculinity is when he projects Rodolpho as an outcast towards society. Im ashamed. Paper Doll they call him. Blondie now.† This expresses a feminine side towards Rodolpho. The audience can intemperate this because blondie is usually associated with a blonde-haired person, typically a woman or girl as a manner of dress and Paper Doll, a piece of paper cut or folded into the shape of a human figure which could refer towards if you close the paper fast, you could blow him over.† However, this does not collide well with Eddie as he would want Catherine to marry a traditional Sicilian American gentleman not somebody who is seen with even a remote figure or action linking to a homosexual. Eddie is shown to be almost embarrassed that people see him as this which creates tension between the two and stops him from even creating conversation, let alone eye contact. Marco represents Sicilian culture, justice and embodies masculinity. He gives the reader the impression that he is well devoted towards his children and wife back in Sicily who are starving, poor with needs of healthcare and medicines. We know that one of the children is suffering from tuberculosis without any medicines whenShow MoreRelatedMasculinity in A View From The Bridge by Arthur Miller Essay662 Words   |  3 PagesMasculinity in A View From The Bridge by Arthur Miller Miller uses several forms of masculinity to show the audience that in different circumstances and cultures different forms of masculinity are possible. This is shown to us by comparing both extremes of masculinity and what they both involve. In the longshoreman culture respect is as much a part of a man as is his own image. This leads to those members of the community going to extraordinary lengths to keep theirRead MoreLanguage And Masculinity : An Article By The Newsweek1519 Words   |  7 PagesMen often feel they have the power of rationality through the words they use and their actions. Women are often viewed stereotypically as not being rational because of their language and their actions. In Victor Sieldler essay â€Å"Language and Masculinity† Sieldler talks about how man’s rationality controls everything he does, from the way a man speaks and acts to the way a man views others. A man’s religion, community, and family can affect this rationality. In an article by the Newsweek, it explainsRead MoreA View from the Bridge by Miller1609 Words   |  7 PagesMiller’s A View from the Bridge, originally written in 1956 as a one act play, has many features of a classic Greek tragedy. It is set in the Italian-American neighbourhood, situated in Red Hook, near Brooklyn Bridge in New York. It is in this community Miller chooses to dramatise themes of conf lict, betrayal, love and obsession. The underlying omerta is present throughout the play and is the reason for the conflict as it is defied by Eddie Carbone, the Italian longshoreman, who destroys himselfRead MoreMass Shootings And Its Effects On Society1523 Words   |  7 Pagesmalls, and even movie theatres have all endured the horrific violence. Mass shootings are nothing new, however, they seem to be occurring more often and are becoming more and more violent. The three leading factors to mass shootings are problematic masculinity, mental illness, and gun control. Mass shootings in the U.S have many different causes as to why they occur. USA Today mentions that breakups, estrangements and family related problems make up the majority of mass killings. Although, many seemRead MoreFight Club Analysis1125 Words   |  5 PagesMasculinity and Anti-capitalism in FIght Club I am planning to write about the 1999 film Fight Club, directed by David Fincher. This movie is about a nameless insomniac office worker (the narrator) who has become, as he views, a slave to consumer culture. He begins attending support groups for diseases he doesn’t have to subdue his emotional state, and he begins to sleep again. He meets Marla Singer, another fake attendee of support groups, she is an incredibly mysterious woman who is obviouslyRead MoreEssay on A View From the Bridge - Arthur Miller1514 Words   |  7 PagesA View from the bridge by Arthur Miller Examine the ideas of manliness, hostility and aggression in a view from the bridge. How are these ideas connected? In this essay I will examine the ideas of manliness, hostility and aggression are connected to each other in a view from the bridge. The play is set in a slum near the Brooklyn Bridge. In the story the main character is Eddie carbone and we see many sides to this character throughout the play. Eddie carbone is a middle aged man Read MoreMan s Conformity : Hegemonic Masculinity1427 Words   |  6 PagesMan’s Conformity to Hegemonic Masculinity The notion of hegemonic masculinity has altered the field of gender studies and many academic arenas. An idea popularized by R.W. Connell, hegemonic masculinity has played an integral role in the emotional development of American men, articulating the impact that this societal construction has had on the concept of American masculinity. It is a contested topic, yet the impacts that it has in terms of sexuality, struggles for power and political leadershipRead MoreAnalysis Of Rosemary Traore s The Phycology Of Prejudice 1085 Words   |  5 Pageskey to creating a more harmonious environment for everyone in the group? This article by Cynthia Cockburn, War and Security, Women and Gender: An Overview of the Issues, addresses the gender division of war and the significance of men and  masculinity in processes of militarization. In state of prepping for war, male dominated societies see a diversion of spending from social  provision to the armed forces, accompanied by an increase in patriarchal ideology and  authority. â€Å"Women and men play broadlyRead MoreEssay on Arthur Millers A View From the Bridge1160 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Millers A View From the Bridge Manliness, Hostility and Aggression are all important in A view from the bridge where Eddie Carbone plays the main character he is a longshoreman working on the Brooklyn docks in New York. He tries to keep his status as the man in his household. He is very hostile towards Rodolfo because he thinks he is a homosexual. Marco knows Eddie feels this way about Rodolfo and is unhappy that Eddie feels this way about a member of his family. This createsRead MoreThe Effects Of Traditional Masculinity On Gender Equality1318 Words   |  6 PagesEffect of Traditional Masculinity on Gender Equality The idea of â€Å"doing gender† was introduced by West and Zimmerman in 1987. They conceptualize gender as a routine accomplishment that is created and maintained through everyday interaction. Instead of seeing masculinity as something that just happens to men or is done to men, masculinity is seen as something that men do. Specific patterns are learned through the socialization process that appropriately represents masculinity (West, Zimmerman). This

Assignment Sample on Effect of Industry Environment on Merger and Acqu

Ques: In the global oil sector the pace of strategic growth through mergers and acquisitions has paused during the past decade. Compare and contrast the conditions in the industry environment between the 1990s ad today which effected M+A? Contents Introduction Merger and Acquisition in US from 1990 to 2000 Achieving synergies Diversification of assets Response to volatility in price Merger and Acquisition post Global Financial crisis Merger and Acquisition trend in the oil industry from 2013 Conclusion Reference Introduction Mergers and acquisitions are very important for organizations to respond to the changing strategic environment. In order to maintain competitive advantage it is essential for organization to merge with strong companies. Successful companies can grow faster through the process of merger or acquisition by combining their strengths with the merged firms. Acquisition leads to extinction of the weaker companies as they are acquired by large and successful firms. But over the years there has been sharp decline in the strategic growth of the oil industry by merger and acquisitions. The intent around MA has declined. Even after five years of the global financial crisis, companies are waiting for recovery in order to have a long term sustainable growth (Weston, Mitchell Mulherin, 2004). The trend for merger and acquisition in the oil industry has declined in the 2013. The major trends seen in the oil industry in 2013 are both upward and downward. The upward trend in the oil industry is as follows The oil prices have favored the oil weighted merger and acquisitions (Reuters, 2014).The availability of capital and the favor received from the corporate finance market has played a positive role in the confirmation of deal.Gas weighted producers have continued to balance their portfolios by acquiring oil assets.In Asia and the Caspian Sea regions oil companies are active and have made 10 largest deals in 2013 (Forbes, 2014). The downward trend in the oil industry in 2013 is as follows Merger and acquisitions transactions are not preferred by Gas weighted companies. They do not want to add further gas assets. They tend to focus on a single horizon.Companies whose PE ratio is good are targeted for merger and acquisitions. But they have avoided the growth through merger and acquisitions. They have preferred to enter into the public market via IPOs ('Trends Influencing Oil Gas Mergers and Acquisitions', 2014;p-1-2). Merger and Acquisition in US from 1990 to 2000 The US petroleum industry has witnessed 2600 transactions of merger and acquisitions between 1991 and 2000. The merger and acquisition was seen in upstream, mid-stream and downstream segments. 85 % of the merger and acquisition was seen in the upstream segment. On the other hand 13% of the merger and acquisition was seen in the downstream segment. 80% of the transactions were via merger where one company purchased one segment of the asset of another company. On the other hand 20% of the transaction was via acquisition. The major reasons for the mergers in US in between 1990 and 2000 are as follows Merger and acquisitions increased the growth of the companies. Still this is a fact that there was positive synergy via merger and acquisition.The companies were able to diversify their assets via merger and acquisition. Merger and acquisition led to reduction in capital expenditure. In US petroleum industry merger and acquisition led to increase in the market concentration. This resulted in the rise of market power of the companies (United States of America Congressional Records, 2007). Between 1994 and 2002, the market concentration of the oil industry increased. It was found that 46 states in United States and District of Columbia experienced highly concentrated markets in 2002 in comparison to 1994. In the US petroleum industry, merger and acquisition has led to change in various aspects of the market structure. Merger and acquisition has led to vertical integration. In order to achieve competitive advantage vertical integration in the US petroleum industry was necessary(Kokemuller, 2014). There have been 8 mergers during 1995 to 2001 which led to vertical integration of the US petroleum industry.The petroleum industry in the world has been influenced by three major entities. They are Standard oil, the seven sisters and the OPEC. Achieving synergies Merger and acquisition in the 1990s led to benefits to the oil companies. It led to positive synergy by combining the strengths of both the companies. This led to the increase in motivation among other oil companies for merger. It was beneficial for one oil company to perform two related activities than two specialized oil company perform them separately. This will lead to cost reduction. The synergy created by merger drive growth of the firm. Some significant mergers that occurred in the 1990s to 2000 are Sunocos acquisition of Pride Refining in the year 1999. They acquired the crude oil transportation and marketing business of the organization. And 1999 another acquisition created positive synergy was of Tesoros acquisition of BP Amocos West coast marine fuels. Diversification of assets Firms need to diversify their portfolio in order to maximize the profit. The petroleum industry merger led to increase in profit of firms(Reuters, 2014). In 1990s some of the firms increased their reserves of natural gas via acquisition. Oil firms want to merge or acquire gas companies, since oil and natural gas are produced jointly. If the oil prices are low during a certain period of time, the sale of gas can serve as a cushion during low periods.In 1999, Dominion acquired Remington Energy Ltd (company that produces natural gas). This acquisition led to the increase in natural gas reserves of Dominion by one trillion cubic feet (PRnewswire.com, 2014). Response to volatility in price According to the World Bank (2000), increase in volatility of the oil prices led to large number of mergers in the 1990s. The collapse in the process of crude oil in 1996 and 1998 made long term investment in the capital market difficult. This led to distress amongst the high cost producers. They became the takeover targets. Shale gas exploration has affected the merger and acquisition across the countries. There has been tremendous growth in China as it has highest numbers of Shale gas reserves. They have entered into strategic partnership with foreign companies that have helped China to equip them with the necessary technology. An agreement was signed between USA and China in order to measure the shale gas reserves of USA and China. Technically China was helped by USA in the exploration of Gases. Thus China could explore the gas with ease. The contract between the two countries was highly successful in exploring shale gas (Shale Gas: Global MA Trends, 2014;p-1-15). There have been several demergers in the oil industry since 1990 that has affected the various transactions of the oil industry. There has been demerger of Gulf oil , Reliance industries that has affected the overall scenario of merger and acquisition in the oil industry(Moneycontrol.com, 2014). The lubricant business of Gulf oil has been very successful They wanted to explore the market as a separate entity (Reporter, 2014). They wanted to start a large expansion project for the expansion of their business. Growth was the major motive of the demerger strategy of Gulf oil. This will improve the profitability of the organization. Demerger also affected the merger and acquisition in the oil industry (Gulfoilcorp.com, 2014); (Bureau, 2014). Merger and Acquisition post Global Financial crisis The key reasons for the merger and Acquisition activities during 2008 are many. First and foremostis that there was increase in the activities in Oil field services (OFS) space which led to the rise in the contract prices. Another reason was increase in competition between the International oil companies and the National oil companies(JAFFE SOLIGO, 2014; p-10-40); (Agashe, 2010; p-1). Also, the new entrants in the hydrocarbon sector were a major contributor of increased merger and acquisition. Between 2008 and 2010 there was announcement of 650 oil and gas mergers. Among the deals announced, 69% of the deals achieved success. The merger activity was seen mostly in the upstream segment. 70 % of the deals were in the upstream segment. There was increase in the number of merger and acquisitions in the year 2009-10 than in 2008-09. The merger and acquisition in the oil industry was dominated by North America. They entered into 134 deals. The merger and acquisitions in the Middle East was limited in comparison to other countries. The most affected place was South America which signed only 19 deals between the periods of 2008 to 2010. In 2008 and 2010, USA and Canada were in the topmost position in making merger and acquisition deals. India was at the 11th position in signing the merger deals. Reliance was at the lead position from India in making the merger deal. They acquired 5% stake Chevron in the Reliance Petroleum limited. The largest merger and acquisition deal was by Sun cor. Suncor acquired Petro Canada. These two companies became a globally competitive integrated energy company. They maintained a balance portfolio of high quality assets. After the merger, the balance sheet of the company became strong(ENERGY MA TRENDS in Canada, 2014; p-1-8). This made the investors confident about the company. The merger of the two companies led to 300 million of annual savings by reducing the operating expenditure. It also increased the efficiency of the annual capital by 1 billion dollar. This was achieved by the elimination of the redundancies. High return capital budget investments were made. The reasons for the merger and acquisition during the period of 2008 and 2010 after the global financial crisis are many. The rise in the number of merger and acquisitions was a result of the financial distress of the small oil companies as a result of global financial crisis. Also the hefty prices that was paid for some of the deals were a result of the financial distress of some of the oil companies.Major oil companies that were involved in the upstream activities acquired oil and gas companies to increase their market sharewhich they were not able to sustain and develop (fas.org, 2012). The financial investors and the pension funds participated in the buyouts by investing in the oil and gas companies. These deals were majorly seen in North America and Europe. According to Deloitte (2010), financial difficulties of the major companies resulting from oil spill from their assets in the region of Gulf of Mexico resulted in increase of merger and acquisition.The midstream companies entered into merger and acquisition as it was a part of their forward integration strategy.Merger and acquisitions continued between midstream companies as a strategy for horizontal expansion. This resulted in covering larger and new markets for the growth of the organization. The current market conditions are encouraging merger and acquisitions. The growth in the merger and acquisition activities in 2007 was 50% more than the previous year. The major driving factors for merger and acquisition during this period of time were increase in competition, entry of new players in the market, volatile oil prices(ey.com/, 2014). Merger and Acquisition trend in the oil industry from 2013 In 2013, the transactions of the upstream merger and acquisitions were the lowest(Ey.com, 2014). From the period of 2010 to 2012, the merger and acquisitions of the upstream assets was around $600billion. The highest transaction was seen in 2012. But in 2013, there was a fall in the merger and acquisition transaction. It fell to $136 billion. There was a fall of 43 % from 2012 in the number of merger transactions. In 2013, China was the largest buyer in the oil and gas market worldwide. It has spent $22.2 billion(Gordon, Tao Sautin, 2014). The demand for energy is shifting towards the emerging economies like China, Middle East and India(How will global energy markets evolve to 2035? 2014; p-1-5). They have contributed for more than one third of the energy demand of the country. The development cycle of the emerging economies and Europe and North America are different. The difference is due to the shift in demand and growth of resources of the oil and gas companies in the emerging economies(Kaixi, 2014). For the oil and gas industry, 2013 was a year that concentrated on the improvement of existing assets rather than the acquisition of new ones. The former three years saw a surge in merger and procurement (MA) movement as the business concentrated on stretching grounds and boring rights to exploit high oil costs, seeking after rising unpredictable shale plays, and assessing oil sands prospects. In 2013, numerous makers concentrated on creating properties gained in earlier years to be specific, on streamlining operations and boosting profits for resources. This stress on improvement and natural development helped a drop in both arrangement qualities and the aggregate number of arrangements finished. All around, the business saw a drop of 41 percent in arrangement values, from $349 billion in 2012 to $205 billion in 2013, and a fruition of 119 less arrangements in 2013 than in the earlier year. The oilfield administrations area kept on being influenced by expense control endeavors of makers, as numerous bigger organizations started to concentrate on the productivity of advancement expenses, including merging the quantity of administrations and gear suppliers they contract, to help drive productivity and expense intensity. In 2013, the oilfield administrations area arrangement qualities were down, yet the number of transactions rose, which could show the segment might be ready for merging, particularly of littler organizations furthermore those with particular innovations. Private value likewise demonstrated an enthusiasm toward this area. While bargain movement keeps on being commanded by the investigation and creation (EP) segment, the biggest arrangement of 2013 the $6.7 billion buy of Repsol's Latin American resources by Shell originated from the midstream division. As we move into 2014, arrangement movement could move from the upstream division to midstream base and d ownstream operation. The focus of the global oil and gas companies in 2013 was developing the existing oil and gas companies instead of getting into new deals. They focused on organic growth rather than acquisition. This resulted in the decline in the number of deals in 2013 by 16%. Compared to 2012 there was a decline of 41% in the value of the deal. The major reason for the decline in the merger and acquisition transactions in 2013 was the uncertain economic and political conditions of the country. The budget battles and the shutdown of the government, uncertainty of the fed policies has led to the decline in strategic growth of the merger and acquisitions. The decline in was the largest in the period of five years. There was fall in the number of deals of United States and Canada by 21 percent. The decline in the number of transaction also extended to Middle East, Europe, Asia and Africa(pwc.com, 2013). The major reasons for the decline in merger and acquisition transactions in 2013 are as follows The appetite for merger and acquisition declined as a result of the stability in the oil prices. The rise in the economic growth of the country with rise in demand could not affect the increase in merger transactions. The geopolitical upheavals in Libya, Syria could not affect the oil industry in US. The US shale offset the impact of the geopolitical disturbances in the world. So, the buyers in the previous years had turned into sellers in the 2013. The greatest example of this is the sale by Suncor. It sold its natural gas business(Snow, 2011). In spite of the decline in the merger and acquisition transactions in 2013, the business hints at a bounce back heading into 2014. Cool climate is relied upon to give a support to common gas costs, which have seen a late uptick in the United States also crossed $5.50/mmbtu in late January 2014, the largest amounts since February 2010.3 Remote financial specialists likewise keep on focusing on securing North American supplies. Restored discourse of changes, particularly as they relate to oil industry procurements, for example, the treatment of elusive penetrating expenses, could goad more movement in 2014. In the meantime, the Federal Reserve's report that it will end its financial jolt project could reason investment rates to climb, along these lines making a motivating force to finish bargains before obtaining expenses increment. The remark of the Federal Reserve will provide more clarity to the merger and acquisition transactions in 2014. Private value firms have put intensely in v itality as a resource class, riding the wave of action that started with the shale blast. As the three- to five-year skyline numerous firms look for a return comes into center and trusts see great estimating open doors, more may look to adapt their interests in 2014. Late raising support endeavors for vitality centered trusts will keep on driving private value interest in the space. Canada will keep on being an appealing venture, particularly for majors and substantial incorporated organizations searching for lower-hazard ventures. Canada proceeds to be seen as a generally steady environment regarding making a venture versus other worldwide open doors. While ventures north of the outskirt may collect more consideration in 2014, substantial U.S. organizations will be looking southward too. Late changes in Mexico are opening up that conceivably lucrative business to outside speculation shockingly since the business was nationalized in 1938. That could energize joint wander and acquisitions on both sides of the fringe, as Mexico's national oil organization, PetrleosMexicanos, or Pemex, may look to overhaul its mastery. Arrangement stream may increment in 2014 as organizations are tested to look for more funding to discover assets, complete undertakings, and keep up store substitution proportions over 100 percent. In the long haul, the level of interest in North Ame rica required to keep up present levels of yield and meet anticipated future long haul interest is relied upon to drive an enormous level of well action and oil sands advancement, which will proceed down the worth chain(RothenbuecherSchrottke, 2014); (PwC, 2014). Conclusion The trend of merger and acquisition has been changed significantly. In 1990s there was a rise in the transaction of merger in the oil industry but 2013 saw a decline in the number of merger transactions. Oil industry is one largest industry in the world. Merger and acquisition will drive the growth of this industry. The major reasons for merger of the oil industry are creation of synergy, diversification of the assets, and increase in market share and reduction in costs. These factors has surged the growth of merger and acquisition from 1990 to 2012. The factors leading to the decline in merger and acquisition in 2013 are political conditions of the country, lack of interest to make new deals and uncertainty in the Federal Reserve policies. References Agashe, G. (2010). BIG OIL FACES GLOBAL COMPETITION FROM NATIONAL OIL COMPANIES. pipelineandgasjournal, [online] 237, p.1. Bureau, O. (2014). Gulf Oil Lubricants credit rating upgraded by ICRA post demerger. [online] The Hindu Business Line. Deloitte,. (2010).Mergers Acquisitions Global Oil Gas Sector. Retrieved 1 November 2014. ENERGY MA TRENDS in Canada. (2014). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.1-8. Ey.com, (2014). Ernst Young LLP Says 2013 Deal Activity Will Remain Near 10-Year Low. ey.com/, (2014). Global oil and gas transactions review 2013. fas.org, (2012). Financial Performance of the Major Oil Companies, 2007-2011. Forbes,. (2014).Is Big Oil Gearing Up For Mega-Mergers?. Gordon, D., Tao, W. and Sautin, Y. (2014). Chinas Oil Future. [online] M.ceip.org. Gulfoilcorp.com, (2014). GULF OIL Corporation Limited - Media. How will global energy markets evolve to 2035?. (2014). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.1-5. JAFFE, A. and SOLIGO, R. (2014). THE INTERNATIONAL OIL COMPANIES. 1st ed. [ebook] pp.10-40. Kaixi, H. (2014). Oil Companies Using New Logic in Their Overseas Acquisitions. [online] english.caixin.com. Kokemuller, N. (2014). The Advantages of a Vertical Integration Strategy. [online] Small Business - Chron.com. Moneycontrol.com, (2014). Gulf Oil Corporation demerger into two listed companies. Prnewswire.com,. (2014).Dominion Sells Natural Gas Assets in British Columbia. PwC, (2014). Foreign buyers prop up deal activity in the US Oil Gas industry as private equity pauses during first quarter 2013, according to PwC US. pwc.com, (2013). Assemblingvalue. Reuters, (2014). Price fall hastens decline of big oil as Western majors retreat. Reporter, B. (2014). Gulf Oil Corp to retain 3 divisions after demerger. Rothenbuecher, J. and Schrottke, J. (2014). To Get Value from a Merger, Grow Sales. [online] Harvard Business Review. Shale Gas: Global MA Trends. (2014). 1st ed. [ebook] pp.1-15. Snow, N. (2011). Deloitte: Oil, gas MA activity near pre-recession level. PENNWELL PUBL CO ENERGY GROUP 1421 S SHERIDAN RD PO BOX 1260, TULSA, OK 74112 USA. The World Bank,. (2000).The world Bank: Partnerships and development. United States of America Congressional Record. (2007). Trends Influencing Oil Gas Mergers and Acquisitions. (2014). Latham Watkins, [online] pp.1-2. Weston, J., Mitchell, M. and Mulherin, J. (2004). Takeovers, restructuring, and corporate governance. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Omnibus Bills of the National Congress in the US

An omnibus bill refers to a law that is still in the proposal stage but it includes unrelated subjects. Anything can be included in an omnibus bill. The bill itself is a single legislation document that can be passed in one voting session. An omnibus bill usually includes a main subject (for example, budget) but it may still address other unrelated issues (like healthcare).Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Omnibus Bills of the National Congress in the US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, a bill that is primarily meant to amend budgetary allocations might still introduce amendments or new laws on unrelated issues. The unrelated issues are often referred to as â€Å"pork†. In the United States, omnibus bills are mostly used by the National Congress. Omnibus bills have been used when passing legislations in the United States for a number of decades. The first widespread use of omnibus bills was d uring the 1970s. During this period, the United States changed the manner in which budget legislation was undertaken. The Congress decided to include all the aspects of a federal budget in a single bill. This bill accounted for the legislation requirements of different departments and their budgetary allocations. The motive behind instituting omnibus bills is that they act as a timesaving mechanism for law making bodies. An omnibus bill takes less time to debate on, vote on, and pass. If these bills were to be tabled and discussed independently, it would take much more time to pass them. Although omnibus bills save the Congress a lot of time and resources, they also have their disadvantages. Most omnibus bills are enormous and they may include many pieces of legislation. For example, Canada once passed a 126-page omnibus bill that consisted of 120 amendments (Krutz 216). The enormity of such bills makes it possible for legislators to â€Å"burry† items in an omnibus bill. Cit izens are usually unable to identify the buried items until it is too late and the bill has been passed. Once it becomes apparent that a bill consists of â€Å"hidden† items, there can be efforts to amend the finer details of the bill adding more workload to legislators and bill writers. In the last ten years, there have been calls to substitute omnibus bills with clean bills. Clean bills do not include unrelated issues in one piece of legislation. However, even clean bills can still include unnecessary appropriations. This happened in 2009 when the spending bill was signed into law. Some parties argued that this bill contained an extra eight billion dollars in additional appropriations. There were also calls for President Obama to veto this bill on the account of these additional appropriations.Advertising Looking for article on law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are various instances in the recent past when om nibus bills have been used in the United States. One of the more popular bills of this nature is the $700 billion bank-bailout bill passed in 2008. This bill contained very unusual elements. For example, one amendment concerned the â€Å"Mental Health Parity Act† (Krutz 214). This amendment required insurance companies to harmonize medical and mental health insurance services. Attaching this insurance law to a bailout bill is one of the confusions that arise from omnibus bills. Omnibus bills work on the principle of joining different legislations with the aim of simplifying the law making process. However, omnibus bills are susceptible to abuse and their use is usually accompanied by various controversies. The basic architecture of an omnibus law is similar to the operations of a public service bus. Therefore, an omnibus bill is like a â€Å"busload of laws† in a single bill. Works Cited Krutz, Glen. â€Å"Tactical Maneuvering on Omnibus Bills in Congress†. Amer ican Journal of  Political Science 23.1 (2009): 210-223. Print. This article on Omnibus Bills of the National Congress in the US was written and submitted by user Chance Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) Changes

Canada Pension Plan (CPP) Changes The federal and provincial governments started to make changes to the Canada Pension Plan (CPP) in 2011 to give more options to those who want or need to receive the CPP before the age or 65 and to those who want to postpone taking their pension until after the age of 65. The changes are being phased in gradually from 2011 to 2016. Adjustments have been made to improve the flexibility of the CPP, and to adapt to the different ways that Canadians are approaching retirement these days. For many, retirement is a gradual process, rather than a single event. Personal circumstances, from employment opportunities, or lack of them, health, and other retirement income, affect the timing of retirement, and the gradual adjustments made in the CPP may make it easier for individuals, at the same time keeping the CPP sustainable. What is the Canada Pension Plan? The CPP is a Canadian government pension plan and is a joint federal-provincial responsibility. The CPP is based directly on workers earnings and contributions. Nearly everyone over the age of 18 who works in Canada, outside Quebec, and earns over a basic minimum, currently $3500 a year, contributes to the CPP. Contributions stop at the age of 70, even if you are still working. Employers and employees each make half the required contribution. If you are self-employed, you make the full contribution. CPP benefits can include a retirement pension, a post-retirement pension, disability benefits, and death benefits. In general, the CPP is expected to replace about 25 percent of your pre-retirement earnings from work. The rest of your retirement income can come from the Canada Old Age Security (OAS) pension, employers pension plans, savings and investments (including RRSPs). Changes to the Canada Pension Plan The following changes are in the process of being implemented. CPP monthly retirement pension started after age 65Since 2011, the CPP retirement pension amount has increased by a larger percentage when you start taking it after the age of 65. By 2013, your monthly pension amount has increased by 8.4 percent for every year after 65 up to age 70 that you delay taking your CPP. CPP monthly retirement pension started before age 65From 2012 to 2016, your monthly CPP retirement pension amount will decrease by a larger percentage if you take it before age 65. The monthly reduction for taking your CPP early will be 2013 - 0.54%; 2014 - 0.56%; 2015 - 0.58%; 2016 - 0.60%. Work Cessation Test has been droppedBefore 2012, if you wanted to take your CPP retirement pension early (before the age of 65), you had to either stop working or significantly reduce your earnings for at least two months. That requirement has been dropped. If under 65 and working while receiving a CPP retirement pension, you and your employer must pay CPP contributions.These contributions will go to a new Post-Retirement Benefit (PRB), which will increase your income. If you have an employer, the contributions are split evenly between you and your employer. If you are self-employed, you pay both the employer and employee contributions. If between 65 and 70 and working while receiving a CPP retirement pension, you have a choice about whether you and your employer pay CPP contributions.You do have to complete and submit a CPT30 Form to the Canada Revenue Agency to stop making contributions, however. General Drop-out Provision IncreasesWhen your average earnings over your contributory period are calculated, a percentage of your lowest earnings are automatically dropped. Beginning in 2012, the provision was increased to allow up to 7.5 years of your lowest earnings to be dropped from the calculation. In 2014, the provision allows up to 8 years of lowest earnings to be dropped. Note: These changes do not apply to the Quebec Pension Plan (QPP). If you work or worked in Quebec, see the Rà ©gie des rentes Quà ©bec for information. See Also: Applying for the CPP Retirement PensionCanada Old Age Security (OAS) Pension Changes

My Senior Year essays

My Senior Year essays Standing in the land 11450 miles away from home with a language barrier, I felt lost. However, out with the old, in with the new. Everything has gone and something has changed this year. Every time when people ask me who I am, I can always get different answers and different definitions about myself. Every time I think back, I can always remember interesting novelties in my life. As I become older and more mature, I always find my views about things are different when compared to the past. When I realize I am a senior this year, my life seems to come onto a different screen: an ambitious, pleased, and successful theme. Flying 19 hours from China to U.S, I have been staying in US for one year. This is already my second year of Community School of Naples. Time flies. I am already an eighteen-year-old girl. When the first day I got out from the airplane and drove to the school, I met all my friends and gave them a big hug. They all know me really well this year. They know I am a girl from China. They know I still like Math and Science, and do not like History or writing. They know I enjoy eating different food and traveling. These habits have not changed; it seems I am still the same. I am still the girl who has a big dream of traveling around the whole world and discovering. I am still the girl who wants to go to unique and amazing places and find our how beautiful the world is. However, still, something has changed in my mind when I think back to last year. Last year was a disaster in my mind. It was a hard year for me, because of the different language, different people, and different culture. I always felt it was hard to get in to the social circle. Every time I was in the class, I was always afraid of speaking out. My face turned red, my voice became low, and my hands did not where to put. ...

In what ways does cinema verite differ from documentary film and what Essay

In what ways does cinema verite differ from documentary film and what methods do film makers create realism in documentaries - Essay Example Documentary can broadly be described as cinematic expression that reveals ‘fullness and completion, knowledge and truth’ (Nichols, 1994:1). They focus on actual evidence of the events, using real people rather than actors of fictional films who portray other characters. As such, they have minimal editing, reflecting the unvarnished truth. Cinema verite, on the other hand, is a French expression that means ‘truthful cinema’ that records events as they are occurring, often prodding real people to reveal new information in order to showcase new dimension of issue or events (Black, 2002). Hence, it can be defined as documentaries with wide scope of capturing truth. The editing of film makes it more dramatic and, therefore, has greater impact than normal documentary films that are stark in their thematic reality. Documentary films are also accompanied by narratives that highlight events and often inform the public of its relevance by relating it to the history of events. The viewer is, therefore, updated with information about the events and can draw conclusion of truth as he/he sees the documentary. Cinema verite has no narrator and, therefore, the viewer has the freedom to interpret the film as he/she sees. The spontaneity of real characters makes it interesting because they are designed to reveal new aspects of their personality or issues which are often not intended for public. Nanook of the North, made in 1922, is a prime example of cinema verite which documents ethnographic study of Inuits. It has used photographic technics vis-a-vis fade out transition and editing to streamline and emphasize the issue (Renoy, 1993). This is very interesting and pertinent fact of cinema Verite that distinguishes it from normal documentary films. Another very important difference is that textual representation of live events in documentary films are seen as truthful expression of reality. There is little ambiguity because footage of events is not edite d and voiceover is just to inform the audience about the issue which they see in the films. Cinema verite is proactive in its depiction of truth because while it captures the events as they occur, it actively provokes subjects in the event to provide new stance to the event. Mamber (1976) asserts that it is not just mutant offspring of documentary technique but tends to highlight the stance of the film maker. It tries to reveal new aspects of events rather than focusing on only one angle of the truth. Very often, the film maker uses editing techniques to showcase truth which could dramatize the events. Thus, it tends to expose paradoxical facets of the true events and makes them more intriguing and interesting. Facilitated by the technology advancements, the world of cinematic documentary has unfolded unprecedented way of unlocking truth and bringing them directly to the public. In the contemporary times, making documentary films has become very challenging because of the diversity of subjects and myriad formats of media tools can be easily exploited to divulge truth. Cinema verite of France, Direct Cinema of America and observatory films of the UK are all varying formats of documentary films that are based on true events. Popularly known as ‘voice’, the reconstructions and structuring tools used in documentary become the vital factor that shift the focus to spotlight and produce

Organizational Philosophies and Technology paper Essay

Organizational Philosophies and Technology paper - Essay Example But with the more recent technological developments as well as reduced trade blockades, growth in trade is definitely on the rise. Developing counties have also stepped on this bandwagon, extracting the best out of their own respective economies through trade internationally as well as locally - within the country. The integration of trade into the world economy has really proved helpful for the developing countries as they can promote economic growth, development as well as poverty reduction within themselves. Companies which are ready to use technology are thus the ones who have found success in all relevant quarters of their business. With this technological incorporation, they have been able to look at the ethical side of things as well since the moral grounds have been set in a proper manner and there are as such no apprehensions to state the least in the present times. A business can move from a position of stability to one of a complete unstable stance as it acquires different means of gathering the market and its driving factors that come along with it. The firm has to change its position with the changing times otherwise it will literally vanish away from its competitors and more so the customers, for which it actually exists. It must bring about technological innovations so as to meet the ethical guidelines and best practices which are geared up to make it sound, look and eventually feel different from the rest of the lot and in the long run, have a selling proposition in it and in its products that help it in winning the customers time and time again. The work culture can be developed in a manner which suits the interests of the organization in the best form possible. For this to happen, it is necessary to understand that technology has got an immense role to play in the related equation. We must understand that we live in a global world where technology has of late been instrumental at dramatically changing the way we perceive the events

McCrae and Costas Concept of Introversion Essay Example for Free

McCrae and Costas Concept of Introversion Essay 1.According to McCrae and Costa, Neuroticism are factors or traits characterized by anxiousness, depression, tension, irrational behavior, moodiness, low self-esteem, guilt feelings, worriedness, insecurity nervousness and are high strung. Sabrina would score high in neuroticism because she possesses some of the traits or factors. In the case study, Sabrina is insecure and has a low self-esteem because she is not satisfied with her body and she wishes to have surgery to correct her supposed â€Å"defects† such as her nose too big, her small breast, she looks fat even though she is not, she also wants to look less African-American . 2.Openness to experience according to McCrae and Costa is characterized by factors such as originality, independence, creativity and a daring attitude. Sabrina would also score high on this because she is very original and creative, an example is that when Sabrina dresses up for her job as a waitress, she tries out different roles; wearing loud, flamboyant and gregarious outfits in order to perfect her acting skills. She is also very daring and independent; Sabrina likes to try new things, such as dressing in the bohemian way and incorporating African-American styles as well, she also tries different foods which include Ethiopian food, and she also loves to travel. 3.McCrae and Costa’s concept of introversion and extraversion is very similar to that of Carl Jung. They both see extraverts as outgoing, open, sociable, and lively and oriented to the external world, introverts are seen as shy people. Carl believes that everyone possesses both attitudes and can exhibit both but only one is dominant, and while Eysenck believes that these attitudes or traits tends to remain stable throughout one’s life despite the different social and environmental experiences people have.

Persecution :: essays research papers

The Growing Effects of Persecution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the ages of Christianity, there have been many drawbacks to this cause. Many leaders among the Christian community were persecuted due to the disbelief of Christ being the Messiah among pagan worshipers, heathens, and even other credible religious leaders. This persecution more often led to death, or other horrifying results. But no matter what horrendous effects, there was always a brighter side causing the Christian faith to grow even stronger.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because of Rome’s strictness in following the laws and rules, they were very tradition bound. Many of the Pharisees were determined that the Old Testament was the only acceptable basis of religious law that the people of Rome should follow. The believed that Elijah was the Messiah, and they were waiting for his return. They also didn’t expect a â€Å"Messiah† to act the way that Christ did, having anything to do with sinners was looked down upon. However, after Christ’s death and resurrection, the disciples were told to go out into the world and spread the good news of their salvation. This didn’t appeal to the Pharisees at all, and they immediately set out to stop this message of freedom. The religious officials continuously put Simon and Peter in jail, Stephen was stoned to death, and there have been accounts of John’s attempted murder in boiling hot oil. Many Christians were flogged, stoned to death, skinned alive, fed to lions, and many more gruesome things. Nero burned half of Rome and then blamed the Christians, he even dipped some in kerosene and then lit them on fire so that there was light for the sporting events. Peter was even crucified, but he didn’t feel he deserved to die the same way as Christ so he was crucified upside-down. Persecution was so bad that Christians were accused of having a â€Å"hatred for the human race,† cannibalism, and incest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The response of the Christians has a lot to do with the influence upon the church. The Bible states in the book of Acts that after being beat by the Roman officials, Peter and James went out celebrating that they had been punished for spreading the news of Christ. After this event, and several escapes from prison due to divine intervention, Peter and the other Apostles were able to bring salvation unto many people. These events helped make the church what it is today. The church at this point in time was growing because of the faith that two groups of people displayed.

The Jungle Descriptive

The Jungle As the sun rose over the horizon it awoke the jungle slowly and efficiently. Soon I could hear the morning birds chirp with all their heart and that triggered joy and excitement in my soul. A morning breeze toured the jungle making the flowers and leaves tango with rhythm and finesse as though they were experts. The lush evergreen trees stood so firm as if the roots were clinging for their very life, in the distance there was a Crystal River and a waterfall as its source.I could hear the rampaging rapids after the dip of the waterfall which slowly converted into a swift river forcefully turning at every bank. The river cut through the middle of the jungle and diverted into another as a tributary. Finally, the lions, the big boys of the jungle roared to announce their presence after their pleasant peaceful slumber after gnawing on a flavorsome gazelle the night before. The leopards however, refused to announce their presence not only because they are a conventionally shy sp ecies but to also stay under the radar so they could catch their morning meal more easily.I slowly knelt down and let my hands explore the terrain beneath me although it looked rough and sandy it was cool and comforting and after a few moments my body was persuading me not to let go, as I listened to my body trying to induce me, more and more I felt the urge not to let go I wanted to kneel there the whole day and let the sand satisfy my dry hands, but I did not let it manipulate me and slowly I started to get up. As I was getting up a chameleon caught my eye even though it was skillfully disguised, I bent down again then reached out to touch it.I could see the centre of the neck throbbing faster as I was getting closer, it was hesitating possibly thinking I was a new addition to the jungle and wanted to feed on it. It, however, did not move, as I reached its airspace I touched its skin with my bare finger tips, it felt rough and scaly. The throbbing on its neck soon slowed down as i t realized I had no interest in eating it, I slowly backed out of its airspace and stood hurriedly and once again I was mesmerized by the extraordinary view.As I observed the jungle I noticed a grape tree not too far from where I was, so I quickly dashed next to it and took a look at its beauty which put me in a day dream for about five seconds before I regained my senses. I spotted a ripe grape screaming â€Å"eat me†! I reached for the grape with all my soul, as my mouth began to water, I snatched it violently eager to please my taste buds and quickly placed it in my mouth. I let the grape roll underneath my tongue and back on top where I balanced it as my body prepared for godliness.As my mouth began to flood with saliva signaling it can’t wait any longer, I crushed the grape with my first molars and the flavor exploded as if I had set of a bomb. I could feel, taste and analyze all the different flavors and dyes as if I was a living chromatogram, my taste buds eased with satisfaction as the appetizing juice ran down my throat followed by the violet exterior. I stood there with my eyes closed, captivated by what I had just experienced and convinced that this was truly the work of God.The aroma of the vegetation of the whole jungle mixed all together and formed a smell that engulfed the air around me creating heavenly humid atmosphere. I took a deep breath in not wanting to exhale and wishing that it could be a replacement for oxygen, I could feel little drops on the tip of my nose that were tickling me. As I basked in this atmosphere it felt like I was in another dimension, and that I had escaped from this planet to paradise. As evening approached I laid back on the comforting sand witnessing the sunset which said â€Å"goodnight† to the whole jungle.The more the sun went down the quieter it became and the nocturnals would be saying â€Å"good morning† to each other and they would start preparing to catch their breakfast. The bird s were slowly returning to their nests, the lazy lions were already asleep, the lurking leopards had returned to their resting place and the sneaky serpents had swiveled their way home. Soon the sun had completely descended and the full moon appeared bright with is stars that were constantly winking at me. The whole jungle was pin drop silent; it had fallen asleep, as did I.

Beer Wars Case Study Essay

Introduction The market dynamics of the Australian beer market is given in the case study. The beer market in Australia is extensive due to high consumption by Australians. In the early 1800’s, there existed numerous independent breweries. Due to excise laws and better transport systems large breweries started acquiring smaller ones, and through widespread inorganic growth, by 1985 the industry became dominated by two corporate conglomerates, Elders IXL(CUB) and Bond Corporation. Both used aggressive marketing strategies for increasing market share. Top highlighted reasons for beer consumption were mixing with others, relaxing, allowing social drinking and enhancing appetite and the concept of beer being equal to ‘liquid food’. Women in general did not like the beer taste and contributed to only about 12% of the total sales volume, whereas 37% of the 54% adult drinking population admitted to be regular drinkers. Only 10% were ‘ocker boozers’ who contributed to 60% of the volume. Hotels/pubs and retail outlet routes formed the bulk of the sales. Standard beer was the most consumed at 70% followed by light beer at 24%. Males across all age groups equally represented beer consumption with little higher consumption in the 31-40 age group. The marketers strongly believed in the ‘beer image’ having a strong influence on beer brand preference. So the marketers started projecting the alcohol content by way of which they used to segment variants in different ways each brand being targeted at a specific segment. Several different brand imageries have been created. Lastly the several brands and variants that had been created with the hope of creating market share seemed to have fallen flat. A failed attempt in the same direction in the form of Swan Gold trying to entice consumption by women also failed. Problem: Due to increased competition, there was a flux of introducing new products continuously, which put in peril the older products of cannibalisation. The major objectives that the beer companies had were †¢Increase market share by acquiring customers †¢Maintenance of existing customers by ensuring no cannibalisation †¢product positioning and launch strategies for the newer brands and phasing out older brands Solution: Increase the beer market, instead of just market share The consumption of beer has been steadily increasing over the years (from around 5% in 1900 to 12% in 2000). But also around the same time, the consumption of Coffee and other milk based drinks had been exponentially increasing (from around negligible % in 1900 to around 20% in 2000). Therefore instead of eating into each others’ market share, the industry should try to increase consumption of Beer among the non-Beer drinkers and hence increase the whole pie. Encourage successful brands and terminate lagging brands Instead of keeping a huge number of brands which is leading to cannibalisation, the brands which are doing well must be encouraged and marketed well, on the other hand those that are not bringing in much profits should be discontinued. This would simplify marketing and would make it focused. Phase in brands tailored for women The exhibits show that women prefer non beer alcohol, in part due to the image of beer as a male bonding drink. Thus certain brands of beer that can be positioned as less bitter, and more female oriented can be launched. The marketing and advertising of these brands should be done in such a way that the women are targeted. Increase light beer Brands offering light beers and beers with less alcohol would serve two purposes. They would attract customers who do not drink, and also are better served in restaurants according to the exhibits given. Launching beer brands over considerable spans of time 2 versions of Power’s were launched in the same month (February 1991) while Forex Gold and Forex Light Bitter from Lion Nathan were launched with only a month separating them. Because of this no single brand is properly marketed and does not get the time to build itself in the minds of consumers. This also leads to cannibalisation.

Leadership in Beowulf essays

Leadership in Beowulf essays A well-respected, honored leader is a person that everyone strives to be. It is a type of person that everyone can look up to, try to emulate, and look to in times of distress. Although everyone is different in their own respects, there are characteristics common to most great leaders that can be picked out. The story Beowulf told by Robert Nye contains many different rulers that people follow. Among the various characteristics these men share, a few great qualities shine through, these being generosity, loyalty, and bravery. The leaders Beowulf and Hrothgar portray these qualities multiple times throughout the story. Generosity to ones people and ones friends is a characteristic everyone wants in a leader. In the story, Beowulf defeats Grendel, an enemy of Hrothgar and his people. For this mighty deed performed, Hrothgar not only holds a party for several days in Beowulfs honor, he also rewards him greatly with many riches (45-46). Another example of a leaders generosity takes place when Beowulf arrives back to his homeland. He is carrying many riches from his battles against evil in Hrothgars land. He goes and talks to his king, whereupon he gives all of it to him and the queen, even a prized golden collar. Beowulf simply said that all he gained was gained as a retainer of his king, so it all belonged to him (82-83). This shows that Beowulf had no greed and did not desire any gold or riches. He was generous and gave all to his king. Loyalty is another quintessential quality in a leader. Knowing that your leader is loyal to your country or cause is necessary. Beowulf personifies this quality. After defeating Grendel, Grendels mother came after Hrothgar and his people. Beowulf went heedlessly after this new threat to help his friend. He and his company tracked Grendels mothers tracks until they reached her lair. Upon this discovery, Beowulf departed from his subordinates and went to face...

Frederick Douglass Quotes on Womens Rights

Frederick Douglass Quotes on Womens Rights Frederick Douglass was an American abolitionist and former slave, and one of the most famous 19th-century orators and lecturers. He was present at the Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention of 1848 and advocated for womens rights along with abolition and the rights of African Americans. Douglass last speech was to the National Council of Women in 1895; he died of a heart attack suffered the evening of the speech. Selected Frederick Douglass Quotations [Masthead of his newspaper, North Star, founded 1847] Right is of no sex - Truth is of no color - God is the Father of us all, and we are all Brethren. When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, women will occupy a large space in its pages, for the cause of the slave has been peculiarly womans cause. [Life and Times of Frederick Douglass,1881] Observing womans agency, devotion and efficiency in pleading the cause of the slave, gratitude for this high service early moved me to give favorable attention to the subject of what is called womans rights and caused me to be denominated a womans rights man. I am glad to say I have never been ashamed to be thus designated. [Life and Times of Frederick Douglass,1881] [A] woman should have every honorable motive to exertion which is enjoyed by man, to the full extent of her capacities and endowments. The case is too plain for argument. Nature has given woman the same powers, and subjected her to the same earth, breathes the same air, subsists on the same food, physical, moral, mental and spiritual. She has, therefore, an equal right with man, in all efforts to obtain and maintain a perfect existence. Woman should have justice as well as praise, and if she is to dispense with either, she can better afford to part with the latter than the former. Woman, however, like the colored man, will never be taken by her brother and lifted to a position. What she desires, she must fight for. We hold woman to be justly entitled to all we claim for man. We go farther, and express our conviction that all political rights which it is expedient for man to exercise, it is equally so for women. [At the 1848 Womens Rights Convention at Seneca Falls, according to Stanton et al in [History of Woman Suffrage] A discussion of the rights of animals would be regarded with far more complacency by many of what are called the wise and the good of our land, than would be a discussion of the rights of woman. [From an 1848 article in the North Star about the Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention and its reception by the general public] Should the females of New York be placed on a level of equality with males before the law? If so, let us petition for this impartial justice for women. In order to insure this equal justice should the females of New York, like the males, have a voice in appointing the law makers and the law administrators? If so, let us petition for Womans Right to Suffrage. [1853] On putting a priority, after the Civil War, on votes for African Americans males before women in general] When women, because they are women, are dragged from their homes and hung upon lampposts; when their children are torn from their arms and their brains dashed upon the pavement;... then they will have the urgency to obtain the ballot. When I ran away from slavery, it was for myself; when I advocated emancipation, it was for my people; but when I stood up for the rights of women, self was out of the question, and I found a little nobility in the act. [About Harriet Tubman] Much that you have done would seem improbable to those who do not know you as I know you. Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis.

Explaining a Concept Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Explaining a Concept Research Paper - Essay Example †). THESIS STATEMENT With due consideration to this aspect, the essay intends to explain the concept of viral marketing. The objective of the essay is to inform the marketers regarding the significance of viral marketing in the present era. Furthermore, the essay also discusses certain real life experiences of viral marketing. EXPLANATION OF VIRAL MARKETING The word ‘viral’ is used in order to define such a marketing practice where the messages regarding a particular brand are spread through the word-of-mouth method from one computer system to the other. An important component of viral marketing is that people spread the marketing messages, developed by the marketers. An effective viral marketing is characterized by controversy, community involvement and exclusive celebrity engagement. In viral marketing, a message needs to be unique and must feature a vital concept which encourages the audiences to share the message with their friends. Viral marketing at times is also deemed as a marketing program that acts as a virus, capable to replicate itself and spread from one person to the other. In viral marketing, the messages can reach the target audience in quite a less amount of time and at a low cost (National Media Museum, â€Å"What is Viral Marketing?†). ... In this way, viral marketing establishes a word-of-mouth thrill. The messages in viral marketing can arrive in different formats such as in the form of videos, pictures and applications or games among others. These digital formats can easily be shared by people who are connected through social networks (National Media Museum, â€Å"What is Viral Marketing?†). The effectiveness of viral marketing depends on the number of audiences who are viewing and spreading the brand messages developed by the marketers. People play a vital role in the notion of viral marketing, because they actually perform on behalf of the brand. Thus, in order to become successful, marketers need to understand the motivational aspects of people for spreading viral messages. On the basis of a study conducted by Milward Brown, it is observed that there is a strong relationship between inducing the enjoyment of brand messages and ensuring the possibility of forwarding them to the people. However, enjoyment al one is not sufficient to inspire individuals to share the messages. The massages must have certain additional scopes such as being pleasant, humorous or funny among others which are most likely to be spread by the viewing individuals (Hollis, â€Å"Millward Brown’s Pov†). SIGNIFICANCE OF VIRAL MARKETING FOR MODERN MARKETERS Viral marketing has created a strong sense of excitement for modern marketers and often it appears as an important marketing strategy. It is possible for marketers to be benefitted from the perceptions of viral marketing, due to an increased level of usage of social networking. According to a study of Miller and Lammas, in the year 2009, about 142.1 million Americans, 46.6 million Japanese and 31 million Brazilian people accessed the social networks. Popular

Math Standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Math Standards - Essay Example They should have the ability to find correct answers to addition, This list however is by no means everything a student should be able to do, and only acts as a basic guideline for what a student should be able to achieve in math while they are in the California educational system. The goals associated with student's learning in mathematics are also important. Students should develop fluency in basic computational Skills, develop an understanding of mathematical Concepts and Become mathematical problem solvers who can recognize and solve routine problems readily and can find ways to reach a solution or goal where no routine path is apparent. These are the three goals that all students should develop while learning math, and are important to their overall schooling as they grow up to adults upon their leaving of the educational system. In a general education class these broads skills are skills that all students should learn, and are skills that are helpful to teach to everybody. Some students will learn them fast, and others will struggle, but by teaching them as general educations everybody can learn them on the same level filed.

How does communication affect operations in chain hotels Research Paper

How does communication affect operations in chain hotels - Research Paper Example Examining the organizational structure, management plan, service context and the characteristics of chain hotels makes a difference in how many respond to the hotel management. Each of these combines with the need of having the correct level of communication. Examining how communication fits into each of these regions will be the main objective of this research study. The association with hotel management for chains is one which has developed into a variety of models and expectations within the industry. The industry of hospitality and the organizational development that is a part of each structure is one which is developed with the ideology of service first. Having hospitality management, customer service and alternatives to assist guests with personalized needs with booking hotels and staying in a specific room are the main associations that are a part of this. This is followed by enhancement of the organization that is a part of the management and the way in which the industry functions. The need to offer the right services has led to management groups, operation rooms and divisions in different forms of hospitality, including housekeeping and food and beverage alternatives. This is combined with the management required for the overall hotel divisions, including marketing, finances and human resources that are required for a hotel to work effe ctively (Rutherford, O’Fallon, 2006). The importance of the organizational structure to manage the services of a hotel has expanded with the current initiatives that are within hotels. The chain hotels require specific services not only based on the management and divisions. There are also models which are based on hotels keeping uniformity and offering a high standard of service to continue with operations. The specific component is with the environmental awareness that is within the hotels and how this links to the customer interpretations and the

Sports Marketing Essay Example for Free

Sports Marketing Essay The business of sports is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. All over the globe, many people participate as players and spectators in a variety of sporting activities, creating opportunities for the marketing of a companys goods and services. An important part of the business of sports is sports marketing, which revolves around understanding consumer behaviour and motivating target markets to purchase goods and services. Sports marketing is simply any sales or publicity-related activity associated with an organised sporting event (or events), its personalities, or the celebrity lifestyle of its participants. There are two components of sports marketing; the marketing of sport and marketing through sports. Marketing of sport consists of the actual marketing of a particular sport such as rugby league or basketball. This includes, but is not limited to, signage, endorsements, print media, broadcast media, billboards, and news media. Examples of marketing through endorsements are Michael Jordan wearing Nike shoes or ex-rugby league player turned commentator Peter Sterlo Sterling on the Blue Haven Pool commercials. Any type of media that mentions a team or athletic organisations is an example of marketing through the use of media. WPT Enterprises, Inc. is a media and entertainment company engaged in the development, production, and marketing of gaming-themed, televised programming; the licensing and sale of branded consumer products; and the sale of corporate sponsorships. WPT Enterprises creates and produces the ? World Poker Tour which is a collection of poker tournaments featuring the worlds most professional and experienced players. It airs Wednesday nights at 9pm on the Travel Channel and consists of 16 high stakes poker tournaments filmed at glamorous locations throughout the world. It continues to be a rating juggernaut on the network. Each time the show has been aired, it viewers have grown ? often doubling its ratings over the two hour time slot. This long term deal allows the World Poker Tour to be a popular weekly fixture on the network, and provides a great promotional platform for the networks wide array of programs and series. In sports (poker in this particular instance), competition is the name of the game, but this competition is not just limited to the playing field (or card table), as sports teams (professional card players) and foundations continually compete for the support of fans, sponsors and governmental agencies ? this opens up the need for sports marketing programs. Sports marketing programs assist sports marketers who coordinate big sporting events in evaluating the success of their marketing and communications activities as well as the potential economic impacts of facilities, construction and expansion.

Human Cloning is not a Moral Issue Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive T

Human Cloning is not a Moral Issue There has been an onslaught of protests and people lobbying for a ban on human cloning ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned by Dr. Wilmut and his colleagues. Not only has the media exploited the ethics of the issue and scared the public with images of Frankenstein and evil scientists, but many worldwide authorities such as President Bill Clinton, Jacques Chirac of France, and Prime Minister John Major of Great Britain have all spoken out publicly against human cloning and have proposed legislation and committees to regulate and/or ban it. Religious leaders and the Pope have also talked about human cloning's dangers of "Playing God" and the "loss of uniqueness" that an individual would suffer if he or she were to be cloned. Many of these fears are misguided, misrepresented, and illogical. The benefits of human cloning would far outweigh the drawbacks, and cloning research should not lose funding or be banned. The most popular objection to human cloning is the assumption that science would be playing God if it was to create human clones. Reverend Albert Moraczewski states that cloning is intrinsically morally wrong, is an attempt to play God, and exceeds the limits of the delegated dominion given to the human race. (Madigan, 8) To say that this argument is unclear and unsupported is generous. It refuses to differentiate between cloning and the interruptions of biological processes which are viewed as commonplace in today's society. Religious objections were once raised at the prospects of autopsies , anesthesia, artificial insemination, organ transplants, and other acts which were seen to be tampering with divine will. (Madigan, 3) Yet enormous benefits have been reaped by each of these... ...crime or illegal activity has a victim involved with it. Human cloning has no victim or loser in it. It is a chance for the advancement of science and humankind. Banning it or eliminating research funds would be a tremendous mistake when we haven't even perfected it or discovered all of the possible benefits. Works Cited Hopkins, Patrick D. Bad Copies: How Popular Media Represent Cloning as an Ethical Problem. Hastings Center Report April 1998: 1. SIRS Researcher. West High Library, Iowa City. 25 Jan. 2000 Madigan, Timothy J. Cloning Humans. Free Inquiry Summer 1997: 1. SIRS Researcher. West High Library, Iowa City. 20 Jan. 2000 The benefits of Human Cloning. Human Cloning Foundation. 25 Jan. 2000 Vere, Stephen. The Case for Cloning Humans. Taking Sides: Science, Technology, and Society. T. Easton (ed.); McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2000. 1-12.

Summer Solstice

Summer Solstice Actually the Summer Solstice story of he famous Nick Joaquin and the Movie Tatarin was great. Great in the sense that it shows the true meaning of the story that men should sometimes be equal to women and women can also dominate men in all criteria of living. The following are some events that are not in the story itself and were added in the movie: ? The scene that Amada is dancing the ritual in the forest. ? All the sexy or bed scenes that are added for the spice of the movie to give some interest for some men ? The rituals they do in the Balete tree that there some kind of vegetables that symbolizes something ? Michaela and Maggie are not originally in the story and also the scene where Maggie is dancing with Guido and seducing him by letting him touch her breast. ? The flashback scene were Don Paeng is watching the Pareade of St John and Tatarin when he was young ? The scene at the Church were they have a listened the mass ? The women of Tatarin dancing with the men of St. John in the forest and I the part the sex scene of Guido and Donya Lupe ? When Donya Lupe put oil in his body and imagining that he is with someone ? The scene were Don Paeng invited Guido while dancing to have some drink There are nothing that has been removed them only added but there are some changes of setting Example are: ? the place they held the ritual it is said in the book that it is a chapel while in the movie it is in the forest ? originally in the story that Donya Lupe has three boys but in the movie she has two boys only ? he characteristic of Amada was change in the story she is fat but she was presented in the movie by Rica Peralejo who is a sexy woman ? I think one is the place were Do Paeng was beaten by the women of Tatarin In the Story some characters or things that symbolize something the following are some: ? The Age of Byron it symbolizes Guido as a conventional man ? The Age of Victoria which symbolizes Paeng as a traditional man ? The moon which means the domi nance of women The Crocodile it symbolizes the women of Tatarin being strong and wild ? Men kissing the feet of the women means that men adore the women and respect for them ? The sun in symbolizes the men ? Tatarin ritual symbolizes that women can also dominate men sometimes it shows supremacy with women ? St John symbolizes men in the sense that there is somekind of empower ment of men over women ? The saying pagpantay ng araw at buwan mean that it being showed that during these times men can be equal with women

Frankenstein, or his Creation? Essay

Frankenstein is a gothic novel written by Mary Shelley in a writing competition between friends. Mary Shelley’s life may have greatly influenced what happened in the text and which character the sympathies of the reader were aimed at. Her mother died because of complications with the birth of Mary, and at 16 Mary eloped with the writer/poet Percy Shelley, together they had four children but three of them died. After the first child died Mary had a dream in which she had brought the child back to life by warming it near the fire. These events in Mary Shelley’s life may have influenced her writing, for example the dream about giving life to the dead child links to Victor Frankenstein’s ambition to create life. The story of Frankenstein is told through three narratives, Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein and the Creature. This therefore enables the story to come from the characters themselves but this can make the story very biased, although this may be true we are still able to see where the sympathies lie. Although we see Victor as a suffering, lonely man we also clearly see that he is egocentric, unsympathetic and irresponsible where as the Creatures violent, unjustified killings are countered by his childlike, innocent approach to the world surrounding him. Starting by looking at Victor Frankenstein and where the sympathy can be placed on him, then moving on to look at the sympathies for the creature, it will be possible to see which character in the story has the most sympathy. The story begins in the remote icy wildness of the Pole; this strange setting prepares the reader for the story that is to unfold. Throughout the story we can see what Frankenstein was like and can discover whether the reader can have sympathy for him. Frankenstein was obviously a genius as he created the creature through his own brilliance and ambition. Its understandable that his creation was a scientific experiment, it was not brought into the world to be loved or sympathised with. Frankenstein believed that bringing life into an inanimate object would benefit humanity it was not his fault that it went wrong. After he created the creature and realised that it was a big mistake he demonstrates a sense of remorse for his actions and feels guilty about creating the monster. Even as the monster gained life it obvious to see that Frankenstein was drained of it, â€Å"I was lifeless, and did not recover my senses for a long time. † This shows that Frankenstein could not possibly have cared or taught the creature as he was ill for a long time yet when a woman gives birth she may feel lifeless and be ill but she still cares for and loves her child. Frankenstein could not have been responsible for the monsters actions as it had its own freewill, and as a result of this Frankenstein suffered many losses, not only family but friends, health and peace of mind. The creature was slowly killing Frankenstein. Although Frankenstein demonstrated that he thought he was like god as he was creating life, â€Å"a new species would bless me as its creator and source†. Victor Frankenstein gave no sympathy or love to his creation. The creature was forced to explore the world on its own and was not given any teaching. Frankenstein created the creature for selfish achievement and deserved everything he got afterwards. Although he lost family members because of the creature, he was responsible for its actions and it was his fault, through lack of love and caring, that it went to murdering people as a result of this. The creature on the other hand was brought into the world with no parents, and no one to teach or love him. He had a childlike understanding of the world in which he was created; we can see this in the creature’s narration when he calls bird, â€Å"little winged animals†. As well as receiving no formal teaching he suffered prejudice and rejection of society due to the repulsive appearance and grotesque image that’s his creator, Victor Frankenstein, had given him. The Creature was full of friendliness and sensitivity yet this was destroyed by the unfairness and rational behaviour of both Frankenstein and every other person he came across. The murders he committed could be justified by the lack of understanding of the world and society. After leading a life of unhappiness he destroyed himself. We can see from these two sides of the story that although the Creature was a murderer his reasons for murder could be justified. Victor Frankenstein’s reasons for abandonment and egocentricity however were not. There may be many points of sympathy for Victor Frankenstein but each point is countered by a reason that’s unsympathetic. However the creatures sympathy points were not countered by unsympathetic points, thus this leads to believe that the sympathies of the reader were aimed at the Creature and the wasteful, unloved for life it led. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Why 0% Unemployment Isnt Actually a Good Thing

Why 0% Unemployment Isnt Actually a Good Thing While on the surface it appears that a 0% unemployment rate would be terrific for the citizens of a country, having a small amount of unemployment is actually desirable. To understand why  we need to look at the three types (or causes) of unemployment. 3 Types of Unemployment Cyclical Unemployment is defined as occurring when the unemployment rate moves in the opposite direction as the GDP growth rate. So when GDP growth is small (or negative) unemployment is high. When the economy goes into recession and workers are laid off, we have cyclical unemployment.Frictional Unemployment: The Economics Glossary defines frictional unemployment as unemployment that comes from people moving between jobs, careers, and locations. If a person quits his job as an economics researcher to try and find a job in the music industry, we would consider this to be frictional unemployment.Structural Unemployment: The glossary defines structural unemployment as unemployment that comes from there being an absence of demand for the workers that are available. Structural unemployment is often due to technological change. If the introduction of DVD players cause the sales of VCRs to plummet, many of the people who manufacture VCRs will suddenly be out of work. By looking at these three types of unemployment, we can see why having some unemployment is a good thing. Why Some Unemployment Is a Good Thing Most people would argue that since cyclical unemployment is the by-product of a weak economy, it is necessarily a bad thing, though some have argued that recessions are good for the economy.   What about frictional unemployment? Lets go back to our friend who quit his job in economic research to pursue his dreams in the music industry. He quit a job he disliked to attempt a career at the music industry, even though it caused him to be unemployed for a short while. Or consider the case of a person who is tired of living in Flint and decides to make it big in Hollywood and who arrives in Tinseltown without a job. A great deal of frictional unemployment comes from people following their hearts and their dreams. This is certainly a positive type of unemployment, though we would hope for these individuals sakes that they do not stay unemployed for too long. Finally, structural unemployment. When the car became commonplace, it cost a lot of buggy manufacturers their jobs. At the same time, most would argue that the automobile, on net, was a positive development. The only way we could ever eliminate all structural unemployment is by eliminating all technological advancement. By breaking down the three types of unemployment into cyclical unemployment, frictional unemployment, and structural unemployment, we see that an unemployment rate of 0% is not a positive thing. A positive rate of unemployment is the price we pay for technological development and for people chasing their dreams.

Au Revior Les Enfants Essays - Childhood, Youth, Youth Culture

Au Revior Les Enfants Essays - Childhood, Youth, Youth Culture Au Revior Les Enfants 592099243 Au Revior Les Enfants The movie Au Revior Les Enfants ,or Goodbye Children translated, has a lot of symbolism that applies to the films theme and subject in its title alone. The theme of childhood, innocence, and adulthood-growing up and the subject of the movie is seen in the title and throughout the entire film. Childhood is portrayed throughout the film in many different ways. One obvious way is the games the children play on the stilts. It is ironic that the games they are playing have to do with war and fighting, the same things that are going on outside the gates of the monastery. During the movie you also see the innocence of childhood when the children trade different items for marbles and when Julian wets his bed. You also get to see the children start to grow up in a sense. The boys in the movie look at nude women, read books about romance and smoke cigarettes. These things show how the boys are growing up and about to enter adulthood but still are children and have a lot of growing up to do. The symbolism in the title is seen though out the movie in many different aspects. Goodbye Children is seen when the children start to grow up, they are growing up and saying goodbye to their childhood, The title is also portrayed when when the children are taken away from the monastery and Julian waves goodbye to the rest of the children. Some other ways the title is also seen is when Father Jean is taken away and says goodbye to the children. You are left not knowing what is going to happen to them if this is just goodbye for now or goodbye forever until the narration lets you know. Then you are also saying goodbye to the children also. The symbolism in the movie and in the title help show the theme and subject of the movie.The movie shows how the characters saying goodbye to the innocence of childhood and hello to the real world of adulthood. The fact that the children and Father Jean are taken away shows the movies title in the aspect that they are saying goodbye to the rest of the children. The movie has may other types of symbolism though out. These are just some ways the movie shows symbolism regarding its title.

140 Characters Twitter Fiction and the Art of Concise Writing

140 Characters Twitter Fiction and the Art of Concise Writing Plenty of people want to become writers, but feel that they simply don’t have the time to commit to writing even a short story. With all the interruptions of the digital age (to say nothing of family and work obligations), finding time to write really can be a challenge. It’s so easy to get frustrated with your writing when you’re just starting out; so hard to not be discouraged These days, there are plenty of ways an aspiring writer can hone their craft and add publication credits to their resume at the same time. And one of the very best ways is to write Twitter-sized tales. These short stories are 140 characters or less (including spaces), and pack a surprising emotional punch. Despite the limitations of the form, skilled Twitter fiction writers are able to make readers laugh, cry, or shiver as they build worlds and introduce characters. Twitter is home to several communities of avid writers and readers, and they are passionate about promoting great 140-character stories. There’s no hard and fast rule about what makes a great Twitter tale. Some stories focus on just a moment’s worth of action, while others span thousands of years in just two sentences. Many are humorous, but plenty more are heart-breaking. The form forces you to choose words precisely, and to cut out any extraneous information. More often than not, the title of the work gives the reader enough framing to understand the events in your story. So, what do you do after you’ve completed your little tale? The most obvious thing to do is post it on your own Twitter account, to share with your own followers. If you can spare the space, adding hashtags to your story will enable other Twitter fiction fans to find it more easily. Hashtags to consider include #vss (which stands for â€Å"very short story†), #nanofiction, or #fiction. Another hashtag is #lqw, which designates that the story contains the word of the day as designated There are also dozens of Twitter accounts for websites that publish only 140-character stories. Some of the most notable are @OneFortyFiction, @seedpodpub, @sixwordstories, @twitterfiction, @7Ãâ€"20, and @trapezemag, all of which are unpaid markets. @Nanoism is a paying Twitter fiction market, which publishes three times a week and pays between $1.50 and $1 for stories: not bad, given the brevity of the form. Serialized Twitter fiction is paid out at a higher rate. @thaumatrope and @tweetthemeat also pay to publish other people’s Twitter stories, though both markets are currently on hiatus. In short: keep on writing, and keep your eyes peeled for opportunities to grow your fan base. Depending on where you choose to publish your stories, your work may be exposed to thousands of people. In addition, there are often contests being held on Twitter But beyond the accolades and the prizes, the best thing about writing Twitter fiction is how it can improve your writing. With practice, this shortest of short story forms can help even the most verbose of writers to develop a clear, clean, and concise style. And that’s a skill that will benefit any writer as they begin work on longer projects.